What are the types of carbon steel?

Carbon steel is a widely used metal alloy made primarily of iron and carbon. The amount of carbon in the steel determines its hardness, strength, ductility, and applications. Based on carbon content, carbon steel is typically classified into three main types:

1. Low Carbon Steel (Mild Steel)

- Carbon content: 0.05% to 0.25%

- Features: Soft, ductile, and easy to form; excellent weldability and machinability.

- Uses: Automotive panels, wires, pipes, nails, and structural shapes.

2. Medium Carbon Steel

- Carbon content: 0.25% to 0.60%

- Features: Stronger and harder than low carbon steel; offers a good balance of strength and ductility; heat-treatable.

- Uses: Gears, axles, crankshafts, rails, and machinery parts.

3. High Carbon Steel

- Carbon content: 0.60% to 1.0%

- Features: Very strong and hard; less ductile and more brittle; difficult to weld or form.

- Uses: Cutting tools, blades, springs, high-strength wires.

Bonus: Ultra-High Carbon Steel

- Carbon content: 1.0% to 2.0%

- Features: Extremely hard and brittle; used in special applications.

- Uses: Specialized knives, dies, and punches.