What are the types of pipe flanges?

Pipe flanges are used in piping systems to connect pipes, valves, and other equipment, allowing for easy assembly and disassembly. Flanges provide a means of joining components while also providing a way to seal and secure the connection. There are several types of pipe flanges, each designed for specific applications and requirements. Here are some common types of pipe flanges:

1. Weld Neck Flange (WNRF):

   - Weld neck flanges have a long neck that is welded to the pipe, offering high strength and good structural integrity.

   - They are ideal for high-pressure and high-temperature applications.

   - They provide a smooth transition from pipe to flange, reducing stress concentration.

2. Slip-On Flange (SORF):

   - Slip-on flanges slide over the pipe end and are then welded in place.

   - They are relatively easy to align and install, making them popular for low-pressure applications.

   - They do not provide as strong a connection as weld neck flanges.

3. Socket Weld Flange (SWRF):

   - Socket weld flanges have a socket (recess) into which the pipe end is inserted before welding.

   - They are suitable for smaller pipe sizes and high-pressure applications.

   - They provide a smooth bore for fluid flow but can result in stress concentration at the weld joint.

4. Threaded Flange (THRF):

   - Threaded flanges have internal threads that match the threads on the pipe end.

   - They are used for low-pressure applications and where welding is not feasible.

   - Threaded flanges can be installed and removed easily, but they are not as strong as welded flanges.

5. Blind Flange (BLRF):

   - Blind flanges are used to close the end of a pipe or nozzle.

   - They are often used to seal openings and prevent the flow of fluids.

   - Blind flanges can also be used for pressure testing purposes.

6. Lap Joint Flange (LJRF):

   - Lap joint flanges consist of two parts: the flat flange (stub end) and a backing flange.

   - The stub end is welded to the pipe, while the backing flange provides support.

   - They allow for easy alignment of bolt holes but are not suitable for high-pressure applications.

7. Threaded Lap Joint Flange (TLJRF):

   - Similar to lap joint flanges, these have threads on the stub end to match the threads on the pipe.

   - They provide an option for easy assembly and disassembly, but their use is limited to lower pressures.

8. Orifice Flange:

   - Orifice flanges are used in flow measurement applications.

   - They have concentric openings to accommodate orifice plates or flow meters.

9. Expander Flange:

   - Expander flanges are used to increase the pipe size gradually along the length of the flange.

   - They are used in piping systems where a gradual increase in diameter is required.

10. Ring-Type Joint Flange (RTJRF):

    - RTJ flanges are used in high-pressure and high-temperature applications.

    - They have a groove for a metal gasket, providing a reliable and secure seal.

These are some of the common types of pipe flanges. The choice of flange type depends on factors such as the application, pressure and temperature requirements, material compatibility, and ease of installation and maintenance.